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Course Overview
Python is one of the world’s top programming languages used today and Python training has become the most popular training across individuals. Training Basket’s Python Training & Certification course covers basic and advanced Python concepts and how to apply them in real-world applications.Python is a flexible and powerful open-source language that is easy to learn and consists of powerful libraries for data analysis and manipulation. Our Python training course content is curated by experts as per the standard Industry curriculum. The curriculum, coding challenges and real-life problems cover data operations in Python, strings, conditional statements, error handling, shell scripting, web scraping and the commonly used Python web framework Django. Take this Python training and certification course and become job-ready now.
MongoDB Query and Projection Operator
The MongoDB query operator includes comparison, logical, element, evaluation, Geospatial, array, bitwise, and comment operators.
MongoDB Comparison Operators
$eq
The $eq specifies the equality condition. It matches documents where the value of a field equals the specified value.
Syntax:
- { <field> : { $eq: <value> } }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { price: { $eq: 300 } } )
The above example queries the books collection to select all documents where the value of the price filed equals 300.
$gt
The $gt chooses a document where the value of the field is greater than the specified value.
Syntax:
- { field: { $gt: value } }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { price: { $gt: 200 } } )
$gte
The $gte choose the documents where the field value is greater than or equal to a specified value.
Syntax:
- { field: { $gte: value } }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { price: { $gte: 250 } } )
$in
The $in operator choose the documents where the value of a field equals any value in the specified array.
Syntax:
- { filed: { $in: [ <value1>, <value2>, ……] } }
Example:
- db.books.find( { price: { $in: [100, 200] } } )
$lt
The $lt operator chooses the documents where the value of the field is less than the specified value.
Syntax:
- { field: { $lt: value } }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { price: { $lt: 20 } } )
$lte
The $lte operator chooses the documents where the field value is less than or equal to a specified value.
Syntax:
- { field: { $lte: value } }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { price: { $lte: 250 } } )
$ne
The $ne operator chooses the documents where the field value is not equal to the specified value.
Syntax:
- { <field>: { $ne: <value> } }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { price: { $ne: 500 } } )
$nin
The $nin operator chooses the documents where the field value is not in the specified array or does not exist.
Syntax:
- { field : { $nin: [ <value1>, <value2>, …. ] } }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { price: { $nin: [ 50, 150, 200 ] } } )
MongoDB Logical Operator
$and
The $and operator works as a logical AND operation on an array. The array should be of one or more expressions and chooses the documents that satisfy all the expressions in the array.
Syntax:
- { $and: [ { <exp1> }, { <exp2> }, ….]}
Example:
- db.books.find ( { $and: [ { price: { $ne: 500 } }, { price: { $exists: true } } ] } )
$not
The $not operator works as a logical NOT on the specified expression and chooses the documents that are not related to the expression.
Syntax:
- { field: { $not: { <operator-expression> } } }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { price: { $not: { $gt: 200 } } } )
$nor
The $nor operator works as logical NOR on an array of one or more query expression and chooses the documents that fail all the query expression in the array.
Syntax:
- { $nor: [ { <expression1> } , { <expresion2> } , ….. ] }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { $nor: [ { price: 200 }, { sale: true } ] } )
$or
It works as a logical OR operation on an array of two or more expressions and chooses documents that meet the expectation at least one of the expressions.
Syntax:
- { $or: [ { <exp_1> }, { <exp_2> }, … , { <exp_n> } ] }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { $or: [ { quantity: { $lt: 200 } }, { price: 500 } ] } )
MongoDB Element Operator
$exists
The exists operator matches the documents that contain the field when Boolean is true. It also matches the document where the field value is null.
Syntax:
- { field: { $exists: <boolean> } }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { qty: { $exists: true, $nin: [ 5, 15 ] } } )
$type
The type operator chooses documents where the value of the field is an instance of the specified BSON type.
Syntax:
- { field: { $type: <BSON type> } }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { “bookid” : { $type : 2 } } );
MongoDB Evaluation Operator
$expr
The expr operator allows the use of aggregation expressions within the query language.
Syntax:
- { $expr: { <expression> } }
Example:
- db.store.find( { $expr: {$gt: [ “$product” , “price” ] } } )
$jsonSchema
It matches the documents that satisfy the specified JSON Schema.
Syntax:
- { $jsonSchema: <JSON schema object> }
$mod
The mod operator selects the document where the value of a field is divided by a divisor has the specified remainder.
Syntax:
- { field: { $mod: [ divisor, remainder ] } }
Example:
- db.books.find ( { qty: { $mod: [ 200, 0] } } )
$regex
It provides regular expression abilities for pattern matching strings in queries. The MongoDB uses regular expressions that are compatible with Perl.
Syntax:
- { <field>: /pattern/<options> }
Example:
- db.books.find( { price: { $regex: /789$/ } } )
$text
The $text operator searches a text on the content of the field, indexed with a text index.
Syntax:
-
{
$text:
{
$search: <string>,
$language: <string>,
$caseSensitive: <boolean>,
$diacriticSensitive: <boolean>
}
}
Example:
- db.books.find( { $text: { $search: “Othelo” } } )
$where
The “where” operator is used for passing either a string containing a JavaScript expression or a full JavaScript function to the query system.
Example:
-
db.books.find( { $where: function() {
return (hex_md5(this.name)== “9b53e667f30cd329dca1ec9e6a8”)
} } );
MongoDB Geospatial Operator
$geoIntersects
It selects only those documents whose geospatial data intersects with the given GeoJSON object.
Syntax:
-
{
<location field>: {
$geoIntersects: {
$geometry: {
type: “<object type>” ,
coordinates: [ <coordinates> ]
}
}
}
}
Example:
-
db.places.find(
{
loc: {
$geoIntersects: {
$geometry: {
type: “Triangle” ,
coordinates: [
[ [ 0, 0 ], [ 3, 6 ], [ 6, 1 ] ]
]
}
}
}
}
)
$geoWithin
The geoWithin operator chooses the document with geospatial data that exists entirely within a specified shape.
Syntax:
-
{
<location field>: {
$geoWithin: {
$geometry: {
type: <“Triangle” or “Rectangle”> ,
coordinates: [ <coordinates> ]
}
}
}
}
$near
The near operator defines a point for which a geospatial query returns the documents from close to far.
Syntax:
-
{
<location field>: {
$near: {
$geometry: {
type: “Point” ,
coordinates: [ <longitude> , <latitude> ]
},
$maxDistance: <distance in meters>,
$minDistance: <distance in meters>
}
}
}
Example:
-
db.places.find(
{
location:
{ $near :
{
$geometry: { type: “Point”, coordinates: [ -73.9667, 40.78 ] },
$minDistance: 1000,
$maxDistance: 5000
}
}
}
)
$nearSphere
The nearsphere operator specifies a point for which the geospatial query returns the document from nearest to farthest.
Syntax:
-
{
$nearSphere: [ <x>, <y> ],
$minDistance: <distance in radians>,
$maxDistance: <distance in radians>
}
Example:
-
db.legacyPlaces.find(
{ location : { $nearSphere : [ -73.9667, 40.78 ], $maxDistance: 0.10 } }
)
$all
It chooses the document where the value of a field is an array that contains all the specified elements.
Syntax:
- { <field>: { $all: [ <value1> , <value2> … ] } }
Example:
- db.books.find( { tags: { $all: [ “Java”, “MongoDB”, “RDBMS” ] } } )
$elemMatch
The operator relates documents that contain an array field with at least one element that matches with all the given query criteria.
Syntax:
- { <field>: { $elemMatch: { <query1>, <query2>, … } } }
Example:
-
db.books.find(
{ results: { $elemMatch: { $gte: 500, $lt: 400 } } }
)
$size
It selects any array with the number of the element specified by the argument.
Syntax:
- db.collection.find( { field: { $size: 2 } } );
MongoDB Bitwise Operator
$bitsAllClear
It matches the documents where all the bit positions given by the query are clear infield.
Syntax:
- { <field>: { $bitsAllClear: <numeric bitmask> } }
Example:
- db.inventory.find( { a: { $bitsAllClear: [ 1, 5 ] } } )
$bitsAllSet
The bitallset operator matches the documents where all the bit positions given by the query are set in the field.
Syntax:
- { <field>: { $bitsAllSet: <numeric bitmask> } }
Example:
- db.inventory.find( { a: { $bitsAllClear: [ 1, 5 ] } } )
$bitsAnyClear
The bitAnyClear operator matches the document where any bit of positions given by the query is clear in the field.
Syntax:
- { <field>: { $bitsAnyClear: <numeric bitmask> } }
Example:
- db.inventory.find( { a: { $bitsAnyClear: [ 5, 10 ] } } )
$bitsAnySet
It matches the document where any of the bit positions given by the query are set in the field.
Syntax:
- { <field>: { $bitsAnySet: <numeric bitmask> } }
Example:
- db.inventory.find( { a: { $bitsAnySet: [ 1, 5 ] } } )
MongoDB comments operator
$comment
The $comment operator associates a comment to any expression taking a query predicate.
Syntax:
- db.inventory.find( { <query>, $comment: <comment> } )
Example:
-
db.inventory.find(
{
x: { $mod: [ 1, 0 ] },
$comment: “Find Odd values.”
}
)
MongoDB Projection Operator
$
The $ operator limits the contents of an array from the query results to contain only the first element matching the query document.
Syntax:
-
db.books.find( { <array>: <value> … },
{ “<array>.$”: 1 } )
db.books.find( { <array.field>: <value> …},
{ “<array>.$”: 1 } )
$elemMatch
The content of the array field made limited using this operator from the query result to contain only the first element matching the element $elemMatch condition.
Syntax:
-
db.library.find( { bookcode: “63109” },
{ students: { $elemMatch: { roll: 102 } } } )
$meta
The meta operator returns the result for each matching document where the metadata associated with the query.
Syntax:
- { $meta: <metaDataKeyword> }
Example:
-
db.books.find(
<query>,
{ score: { $meta: “textScore” } }
)
$slice
It controls the number of values in an array that a query returns.
Syntax:
- db.books.find( { field: value }, { array: {$slice: count } } );
Example:
- db.books.find( {}, { comments: { $slice: [ 200, 100 ] } } )
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