Python Variable

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Python is one of the world’s top programming languages used today and Python training has become the most popular training across individuals. Training Basket’s Python Training & Certification course covers basic and advanced Python concepts and how to apply them in real-world applications.Python is a flexible and powerful open-source language that is easy to learn and consists of powerful libraries for data analysis and manipulation. Our Python training course content is curated by experts as per the standard Industry curriculum. The curriculum, coding challenges and real-life problems cover data operations in Python, strings, conditional statements, error handling, shell scripting, web scraping and the commonly used Python web framework Django. Take this Python training and certification course and become job-ready now.

Python Variables

Variable is a name that is used to refer to memory location. Python variable is also known as an identifier and used to hold value.

In Python, we don’t need to specify the type of variable because Python is a infer language and smart enough to get variable type.

Variable names can be a group of both the letters and digits, but they have to begin with a letter or an underscore.

It is recommended to use lowercase letters for the variable name. Rahul and rahul both are two different variables.

Identifier Naming

Variables are the example of identifiers. An Identifier is used to identify the literals used in the program. The rules to name an identifier are given below.

  • The first character of the variable must be an alphabet or underscore ( _ ).
  • All the characters except the first character may be an alphabet of lower-case(a-z), upper-case (A-Z), underscore, or digit (0-9).
  • Identifier name must not contain any white-space, or special character (!, @, #, %, ^, &, *).
  • Identifier name must not be similar to any keyword defined in the language.
  • Identifier names are case sensitive; for example, my name, and MyName is not the same.
  • Examples of valid identifiers: a123, _n, n_9, etc.
  • Examples of invalid identifiers: 1a, n%4, n 9, etc.
Declaring Variable and Assigning Values

Python does not bind us to declare a variable before using it in the application. It allows us to create a variable at the required time.

We don’t need to declare explicitly variable in Python. When we assign any value to the variable, that variable is declared automatically.

The equal (=) operator is used to assign value to a variable.

Object References

It is necessary to understand how the Python interpreter works when we declare a variable. The process of treating variables is somewhat different from many other programming languages.

Python is the highly object-oriented programming language; that’s why every data item belongs to a specific type of class. Consider the following example.

  • print(“John”)

Output:

  • John

The Python object creates an integer object and displays it to the console. In the above print statement, we have created a string object. Let’s check the type of it using the Python built-in type() function.

  • type(“John”)

Output:

In Python, variables are a symbolic name that is a reference or pointer to an object. The variables are used to denote objects by that name.

Multiple Assignment

Python allows us to assign a value to multiple variables in a single statement, which is also known as multiple assignments.

We can apply multiple assignments in two ways, either by assigning a single value to multiple variables or assigning multiple values to multiple variables. Consider the following example.

1. Assigning single value to multiple variables

Eg:

  • x=y=z=50
    print(x)
    print(y)
    print(z)

Output:

  • 50
    50
    50

2. Assigning multiple values to multiple variables:

Eg:

  • a,b,c=5,10,15
    print a
    print b
    print c

Output:

  • 5
    10
    15

The values will be assigned in the order in which variables appear.

Python Variable Types

There are two types of variables in Python – Local variable and Global variable. Let’s understand the following variables.

Local Variable

Local variables are the variables that declared inside the function and have scope within the function. Let’s understand the following example.

Example –

  • # Declaring a function
    def add():
    # Defining local variables. They has scope only within a function
    a = 20
    b = 30
    c = a + b
    print(“The sum is:”, c)

    # Calling a function
    add()

Output:

  • The sum is: 50

Explanation:

In the above code, we declared a function named add() and assigned a few variables within the function. These variables will be referred to as the local variables which have scope only inside the function. If we try to use them outside the function, we get a following error.

  • add()
    # Accessing local variable outside the function
    print(a)

Output:

  • The sum is: 50
    print(a)
    NameError: name ‘a’ is not defined

We tried to use local variable outside their scope; it threw the NameError.

Global Variables
Global variables can be used throughout the program, and its scope is in the entire program. We can use global variables inside or outside the function.

A variable declared outside the function is the global variable by default. Python provides the global keyword to use global variable inside the function. If we don’t use the global keyword, the function treats it as a local variable. Let’s understand the following example.

Example –

    # Declare a variable and initialize it
    x = 101

  • # Global variable in function
    def mainFunction():
    # printing a global variable
    global x
    print(x)
    # modifying a global variable
    x = ‘Welcome To Javatpoint’
    print(x)

    mainFunction()
    print(x)

Output:

  • 101
    Welcome To Javatpoint
    Welcome To Javatpoint

Explanation:

In the above code, we declare a global variable x and assign a value to it. Next, we defined a function and accessed the declared variable using the global keyword inside the function. Now we can modify its value. Then, we assigned a new string value to the variable x.

Now, we called the function and proceeded to print x. It printed the as newly assigned value of x.

Delete a variable

We can delete the variable using the del keyword. The syntax is given below.

Syntax –

  • del

In the following example, we create a variable x and assign value to it. We deleted variable x, and print it, we get the error “variable x is not defined”. The variable x will no longer use in future.

Example –

  • # Assigning a value to x
    x = 6
    print(x)
    # deleting a variable.
    del x
    print(x)

Output:

  • 6
    Traceback (most recent call last):
    File “C:/Users/DEVANSH SHARMA/PycharmProjects/Hello/multiprocessing.py”, line 389, in
    print(x)
    NameError: name ‘x’ is not defined
Maximum Possible Value of an Integer in Python

Unlike the other programming languages, Python doesn’t have long int or float data types. It treats all integer values as an int data type. Here, the question arises. What is the maximum possible value can hold by the variable in Python? Consider the following example.

Example –

  • # A Python program to display that we can store
    # large numbers in Python

    a = 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
    a = a + 1
    print(type(a))
    print (a)

Output:


  • 10000000000000000000000000000000000000000001

As we can see in the above example, we assigned a large integer value to variable x and checked its type. It printed class not long int. Hence, there is no limitation number by bits and we can expand to the limit of our memory.

Python doesn’t have any special data type to store larger numbers.

Print Single and Multiple Variables in Python

We can print multiple variables within the single print statement. Below are the example of single and multiple printing values.

Example – 1 (Printing Single Variable)

  • # printing single value
    a = 5
    print(a)
    print((a))

Output:

  • 5
    5

Basic Fundamentals:

This section contains the fundamentals of Python, such as:

i)Tokens and their types.

ii) Comments

a)Tokens:

  • The tokens can be defined as a punctuator mark, reserved words, and each word in a statement.
  • The token is the smallest unit inside the given program.

There are following tokens in Python:

  • Keywords.
  • Identifiers.
  • Literals.
  • Operators.

We will discuss above the tokens in detail next tutorials.

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